Cryostat sections of lymph nodes were fixed and stained as described previously 11. The following antibodies were used: anti-B220-A647 (RA3-6B2, Caltag), anti-IgD (11-26), anti-CD45.1-FITC (A20, ...
The immune system strikes a fine balance by identifying and neutralizing disease-causing agents while carefully avoiding destruction of healthy tissues and cells. Now, researchers from Japan have shed ...
A new study tracking thousands of B cells across more than 100 germinal centers in mice reveals how the system consistently produces highly effective antibodies. The findings overturn longstanding ...
Germinal centers form in the body’s lymphatic tissues shortly after vaccination or infection. Once inside a germinal center, B cells undergo rapid mutations and, through a process of natural selection ...
Ruth Scurr on one of Zola's greatest novels, a parable of the love-hate relationship that human beings have with the Earth Emile Zola's monumental Germinal was published in 1885: the year Freud ...
Germinal centers are high-speed evolution machines. Tiny clusters in the lymph nodes, germinal centers refine antibodies through mutation and expansion until they produce high-affinity B cells adapted ...
Side-by-side images of germinal centers before and after photoactivation. Researchers used a novel technique to study in fine detail the evolution of high affinity B cells. [Tatsuya Araki, Victora Lab ...
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