BRST transformations have emerged as a cornerstone in the quantisation of gauge theories, providing a systematic means to address the redundant degrees of freedom inherent in such frameworks. By ...

Semigroups of transformations and endomorphisms have emerged as powerful algebraic frameworks to elucidate the underlying structures of graphs. By harnessing the principles of semigroup theory, ...

In nature, tiny crystals known as nanocrystals are formed slowly over many years. Rocks and minerals react with air, water, and carbon dioxide in a process called chemical weathering. These reactions ...